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从19世纪开始，来华的基督新教医学传教士对中国本土医学产生了浓厚的兴趣。《博医会报》作为医学传教士创办的专业刊物，大量刊载了他们对中医药的观察和记录，是他们交流观点、传播观察记录的重要平台。医学传教士对中医药的深入观察，既源于自身的职业兴趣，也迫于日常的诊疗需求。他们将中药作为观察核心，不仅为满足药品需求发掘和应用本土药材，还运用生物化学、药理学等方法对中药展开系统研究，推动了中药研究日后的规范化与科学化发展。在实践层面，医学传教士虽难以理解整个中医体系，但他们在拓展医疗手段的主张下，以虚心细致的方式对实践的诸多技艺展开了探究与思考。此外，《博医会报》还记录了医学传教士基于现代科学医学视角，相对专业和客观地对中医缺陷提出的批评与改良建议。通过梳理《博医会报》记述的医学传教士对中医药的观察与探索，可以探究该群体观察中医药的原因、过程及其产生的影响。
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