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Manuel Dias Júnior is an important Jesuit in the history of Catholicism and Chinese-Western cultural exchanges during Late Ming and Early Qing. Dias entered the mission in 1610 and died in Hangzhou in 1659, having been in China for about half a century. He translated Western astronomical and calendar books in Beijing, was recommended for the recruitment of Portuguese soldiers and the introduction of Western artillery, went through three religion cases of Shaozhou, Nanjing, and Fujian, was the Vice-Provincial of Jesuit province of China twice and totally for 18 years, and preached in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and other provinces. As a leading figure among the Jesuits in China, Dias played an important role in the restoration of Jesuit enterprise in China after the Nanjing religion case, and contributed to the stability and development of the mission while being the first Vice-Provincial. Having friendship with Xu Guangqi, Li Zhizao, Yang Tingyun, Wang Zheng, Ye Xianggao and other Chinese Christians or sympathizing literati and officials, devoted to realizing the modification of Chinese calendar with Western books, and having compiled several astronomical and Catholic books, Dias contributed to the cultural exchanges between China and West in Late Ming and Early Qing. Influenced by the Chinese environment and his own experience in China, Dias put into practice the policy of accommodation that was formed by Matteo Ricci.
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