Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
Since the establishment of the new regime, the fate of Yenching University has been closely intertwined with changes in the international landscape and domestic political transformations. Following the campaigns of “Thought Reform,” the “Three-Anti Campaign,” and the “Campaign for Loyalty and Honesty,” Yenching’s academic and political orientations underwent dramatic realignments. These movements not only dismantled the American-style educational system administratively and shifted toward a Soviet-influenced model emphasizing specialization and practicality, but also profoundly reshaped the ideology of faculty and students through repeated collective study sessions, self-criticism, confessional meetings, and denunciation assemblies. This process ultimately paved the way for the administrative restructuring and closure of Yenching University. By examining the university's experience of political discipline, this paper explores the distinctive role and fate of Christian universities within China’s higher education and cultural policies. The political transformation of Yenching University not only reflects the rupture in Sino-Western relations within the Cold War context but also reveals how the logic of state governance deeply permeated the cultural and educational fields, offering important insights into the mechanisms of political control and cultural policy shifts in the early years of the People’s Republic of China.
References
Gilkey, William. Letter, May 14, 1952, UBCHEA Archives, Microfilm, RG011-377-5738.
Lapwood, Nancy. Letter, November 30, 1951.
——February 6, 1952, UBCHEA Archives, Microfilm, RG011-377-5738.
Lapwood, Ralph. Letter, May 5, 1952, UBCHEA Archives, Microfilm, RG011-338-5179.
——Letter, October 27, 1952, UBCHEA Archives, Microfilm, RG011-377-5738.
Lapwood, Ralph and Nancy. through the Chinese Revolution, London: the Garden City Press, 1954.
——December 29, 1951, UBCHEA Archives, Microfilm, RG011-377-5737.
Sailer, Randolph C. On Religion and Philosophy, 1980, UBCHEA Archives, RG148-004-0037.
West, Philip. Yenching University and Sino-Western Relations, 1916-1952, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1976.
《光明日报》，1951年5月15日第1版、1951年12月13日第3版。[Guangming Daily, May 15, 1951, p. 1; December 13, 1951, p. 3.]
《人民日报》，1951年4月24日第1版、1951年4月25日第5版、1951年5月14日第1版、1951年5月24日第1版。[People’s Daily, April 24, 1951, p. 1; April 25, 1951, p. 5; May 14, 1951, p. 1; May 24, 1951, p. 1.]
《天风》，第11卷第23期，1951年6月21日。[Tianfeng, vol. 11, no. 23, June 21, 1951.]
《天风》，第12卷第24—25期，1951年12月22日。[Tianfeng, vol. 12, nos. 24–25, December 22, 1951.]
北京市档案馆、中共北京市委党史研究室编：《北京市重要文献选编（1951）》，北京：中国档案出版社，2001年。[Beijing Municipal Archives and Party History Research Office of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee (eds.). Selected Important Documents of Beijing (1951) . Beijing: China Archives Press, 2001.]
陈大白主编：《北京高等教育文献资料选编（1949—1976）》，北京：首都师范大学出版社，2002年。[Chen Dabai (ed.). Selected Documents on Higher Education in Beijing (1949–1976) . Beijing: Capital Normal University Press, 2002.]
陈远：《消逝的燕京》，重庆：重庆出版社，2011年。[Chen Yuan. The Vanished Yenching. Chongqing: Chongqing Publishing House, 2011.]
（法）福柯：《规训与惩罚：监狱的诞生》，刘北成、杨远婴译，北京：三联书店，2003年。[Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Liu Beicheng and Yang Yuanying. Beijing: Sanlian Bookstore, 2003.]
高等教育部办公厅编印：《高等教育文献法令汇编（1949—1952）》，1958年。[Ministry of Higher Education Office (comp.). Collection of Higher Education Laws and Regulations (1949–1952) ,1958.]
蒋南翔：《燕京大学和辅仁大学清理中层工作的经验》，《党内通讯》第102期，1952年6月11日。[Jiang Nanxiang. “Experiences from the Rectification of Middle-Level Cadres at Yenching and Fu Jen Catholic Universities”. Party Internal Communications, no. 102 (June 11, 1952).]
赖朴吾教授纪念册编委会编：《赖朴吾——中国的好朋友》，北京：北京大学出版社，1988年。[Memorial Album Editorial Committee for Professor Ralph Lapwood(ed.). Ralph Lapwood: A Good Friend of China. Beijing: Peking University Press, 1988.]
彭真传编写组编：《彭真年谱（1949—1954）》第二卷，北京：中央文献出版社，2012年。[Peng Zhen Biography Editorial Group (ed.). Chronicle of Peng Zhen (1949–1954), vol. 2. Beijing: Central Party Literature Press, 2012.]
燕京研究院编：《燕京大学人物志（第2辑）》，北京：北京大学出版社，2002年。[Yenching Studies Institute (ed.). Biographical Dictionary of Yenching University, vol. 2. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2002.]
杨奎松：《燕大挽歌：1948-1952年一所美国教会大学的“新生”与幻灭》，《“中央”研究院近代史研究所集刊》第115期，2021年12月。[Yang Kuishong. “A Lament for Yenching: ‘Rebirth’ and Disillusionment of an American Christian University, 1948–1952”. Bulletin of the Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, no. 115 (December 2021).]
张德明：《鼎革前后的博弈与调适：1949年燕京大学的多重面相》，《“中央”研究院近代史研究所集刊》第110期，2020年12月。[Zhang Deming. “Game and Adjustment Before and After the Regime Change: Multiple Faces of Yenching University in 1949”. Bulletin of the Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica, no. 110 (December 2020).]
——《红旗下的新气象：1949年燕京大学的初步改造论析》，《晋阳学刊》2019年第3期。[Zhang Deming. “New Atmosphere under the Red Flag: A Preliminary Analysis of Yenching University’s Initial Reform in 1949”. Jinyang Academic Journal, no. 3 (2019).]
张玮瑛等主编：《燕京大学史稿（1919—1952）》，北京：人民中国出版社，2000年。[Zhang Weiying et al. (eds.). A Historical Account of Yenching University (1919–1952) (《燕京大学史稿（1919—1952）》). Beijing: People’s China Publishing House, 2000.]
中共北京市委政策研究室编：《中国共产党北京市委员会重要文件汇编（1951—1952）》，1955年5月1日。[CPC Beijing Municipal Committee Policy Research Office (ed.). Compilation of Important Documents of the CPC Beijing Municipal Committee (1951–1952) . May 1, 1955.]
中共中央统一战线工作部编：《统战政策文件汇编》（1—4册），内部出版，1958年。[United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (ed.). Compilation of United Front Policy Documents, vols. 1–4. Internal publication, 1958.]
中共中央文献研究室编：《建国以来重要文献选编 第1册》，北京：中央文献出版社，1992年。[Central Committee Party Literature Research Office (ed.). Selected Important Documents Since the Founding of the PRC, vol. 1. Beijing: Central Party Literature Press, 1992.]
中共中央文献研究室编：《建国以来重要文献选编 第3册》，北京：中央文献出版社，1992年。[Central Committee Party Literature Research Office (ed.). Selected Important Documents Since the Founding of the PRC, vol. 3. Beijing: Central Party Literature Press, 1992.]
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.